The Importance of Gum Health

Gum diseases are serious health problems that threaten oral and dental health and can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Periodontology is the branch of dentistry focused on protecting the health of the supporting tissues surrounding the teeth (gums, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament) and treating their diseases. Modern dental clinics in İzmir use up-to-date diagnostic and treatment methods for gum diseases.

What Are Gum Diseases?

Gum diseases are usually infections caused by bacterial plaque accumulation. These diseases often start with mild symptoms but can progress to tooth loss and systemic health issues if untreated.

Causes of Gum Diseases

• Poor Oral Hygiene: Neglecting brushing and flossing leads to bacterial plaque buildup.

• Genetic Factors: A family history of gum disease increases risk.

• Smoking: Impairs blood circulation, reducing gum healing capacity.

• Unbalanced Diet: Vitamin and mineral deficiencies negatively affect gum health.

• Stress: Weakens the immune system, lowering resistance to infections.

• Tartar (Calculus) Buildup: Hardened plaque on teeth can cause gum inflammation.

Symptoms of Gum Diseases

• Redness and swelling of the gums

• Bleeding while brushing or eating hard foods

• Gum recession and exposure of tooth roots

• Bad breath (halitosis)

• Loose or shifting teeth

• Gum sensitivity and pain

Stages of Gum Disease

1. Gingivitis:
   The earliest stage, characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums. It is reversible with early treatment.

2. Periodontitis:
   Untreated gingivitis progresses to periodontitis, damaging the gums and supporting bone tissue.

3. Advanced Periodontitis:
   Severe destruction of the supporting structures occurs, causing loose teeth and potential tooth loss.

Treatment Methods for Gum Diseases

Treatment in İzmir clinics varies according to the stage of the disease:

1. Professional Dental Cleaning (Scaling):
   Removes plaque and tartar buildup using specialized devices. Effective in early-stage gum inflammation.

2. Curettage (Root Planing):
   Cleaning of inflamed tissue beneath the gum line. Root surfaces are smoothed to prevent further bacterial accumulation.

3. Laser Gum Treatment:
   Uses laser technology to remove infected tissue, offering faster healing and less pain than traditional surgery.

4. Flap Surgery:
   For advanced cases, gums are lifted to clean infected tissue underneath. Bone grafts may be used to restore lost bone tissue.

5. Gum Graft (Soft Tissue Graft):
   Treats gum recession by transplanting soft tissue from another area of the mouth to the affected region.

6. Antibiotic Therapy:
   Depending on infection severity, local or systemic antibiotics may be prescribed, often in conjunction with laser or surgical treatments.

Prevention of Gum Diseases

• Brush twice daily and floss regularly

• Use mouthwash to reduce bacteria

• Have professional dental cleaning every six months

• Eat a healthy diet and limit sugar intake

• Avoid smoking and tobacco products

• Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups

Advantages of Gum Disease Treatment

• Prevention of tooth loss

• Elimination of bad breath

• Healthier and more aesthetic smile

• Protection of overall health (linked to heart disease, diabetes, etc.)

• Improvement of chewing function